🇵🇸🕊️🇮🇱 HISTORY OF PALESTINE AND ISRAEL:

The main stages of the History of two great nations — Palestine and Israel☀️
1. The oldest known nations (3rd–2nd millennia BC)

Canaanites: The first historically confirmed population. City-states (Jericho is one of the oldest cities in the world).
Phoenicians: Sea traders in the north (coast).
Philistines («Peleshet»): Came from the Aegean Sea (~12th century BC). Gave the name «Palestine».
Faith: Polytheism (many gods: Baal, Astarte, Dagon).
2. The emergence of the ancient Jews (Israeli kingdoms) (~10th century BC)

What is confirmed: The Mesha Stele (Moabite king, 9th century BC) mentions the «king of Israel». The Tel Dan Inscription (9th century BC) contains the word «David».
States: Israel (north) and Judea (south, with the capital in Jerusalem).
Faith: Judaism (monotheism — belief in one God) is formed as a religion with its center in the Jerusalem Temple.
3. Conquests and empires (from the 8th century BC)

Assyria: Destroyed the Kingdom of Israel (722 BC), took the population into captivity.
Babylon: Destroyed the Kingdom of Judea and the First Temple (586 BC), the beginning of the Babylonian captivity.
Persians: Allowed the Jews to return and build the Second Temple (6th century BCE).
Alexander the Great: Hellenization of the region (4th century BCE).
4. The Roman Period (1st century BCE – 4th century CE) – Key turning point

Conquest: Pompey annexes the region to Rome (63 BCE).
Jewish Wars: Revolts against Rome (66-73, 132-135).
Destruction of the Second Temple (70) and renaming: Judea to Provincia Syria Palaestina (135). The Romans erase the Jewish name from the map.
Population: Mixed – surviving Jews, Roman colonists, Greeks, other peoples of the empire.
5. Byzantium, Arabs, Crusaders, Ottomans

Byzantium (4th–7th centuries): Christianity is the state religion. Jews are discriminated against.
Arab conquest (7th century): Arrival of Islam. The majority of the population gradually adopts Arabic and Islam.
Crusades (11th–13th centuries): Temporary Christian rule.
Ottoman Empire (1517–1917): Region is a quiet province. Population is mainly Arabic-speaking Muslims, minorities are Christians, Jews, and Druze.
6. Modern times: Colonialism and nationalism

British Mandate (1920–1948): After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire.
Two nations:

Jewish nationalism (Zionism): Building a national homeland on the land of their ancestors.
Arab nationalism: Opposition to Jewish immigration and colonialism.
UN Partition Plan (1947): An attempt to create two states.

We all know how things developed from there.

☀️What I want to say to two great nations:

The right to land is not secured by antiquity, but provides the opportunity to live on it without destroying each other. 👋